EV Battery Technology: Higher Capacity & Faster Charging
More battery capacity and higher charging power: EV Battery
The high-voltage battery system in the new EV (Electric Vehicle) operates with a nominal voltage of 396 volts. Two different battery sizes are available: the battery has a storage capacity of 89 kilowatt hours net (gross: 95kWh), while the two more powerful versions, the have 106 kWh net (gross: 114 kWh). In both cases, the space required for the drive battery is the same; thanks to further developments in cell technology and structure as well as in cell chemistry, the individual cells boast an increased energy density. The prismatic cells used in battery production are now assembled via a process called stacking technology, whereby the cell material is stacked in layers, thus filling the rectangular space much more efficiently – up to 20 percent more active cell material for power storage fit in the battery cell.
The high-voltage components are housed in a frame (2.28 m long, 1.63 m wide, 34 cm high) beneath the passenger compartment. Twelve battery cells each form a module in a cuboid-shaped aluminum housing with a total of 36 modules on two levels fit in the vehicle floor. Whilst pouch cells were used when production of the EV (Electric Vehicle) began in 2018, Audi now relies on prismatic battery cells.
Battery Options and Capacity
- Two Battery Sizes:
- Smaller Battery: 89 kWh net (95 kWh gross).
- Larger Battery: 106 kWh net (114 kWh gross).
- Consistent Size: Both batteries occupy the same physical space, benefiting from optimized cell technology and chemistry.
Energy Density Enhancements
Increased Efficiency:
- Stacking Technology: Layers of cell material are stacked to utilize space more effectively, enabling up to 20% more active cell material per cell for enhanced power storage.
- Advanced Prismatic Cells: Replacing earlier pouch cells, prismatic cells offer better space utilization and higher energy density.
Construction and Layout
- Battery Housing:
- A robust aluminum frame (2.28m x 1.63m x 0.34m) protects the high-voltage components, located beneath the passenger compartment.
- Modular Design:
- 12 cells per module in a cuboid-shaped housing.
- 36 modules in total, arranged across two levels within the vehicle floor.
Evolution in Battery Technology
- Shift from Pouch to Prismatic Cells:
- Prismatic cells are more compact and structurally robust, allowing for greater energy density and reliability compared to the pouch cells used in earlier EV models (since 2018).
These improvements allow the EV to offer greater range, higher charging power, and enhanced durability, ensuring it meets the demands of modern drivers while maintaining efficient use of space.
Battery Cooling and Thermal Management
- Cooling System: Uses indirect cooling with extruded aluminum sections and thermally conductive gel for effective heat dissipation.
- Battery Management: Managed by a Battery Management Controller (BMC) that ensures optimal performance by communicating with cell module controllers (CMCs) and a Battery Junction Box (BJB).
- Thermal Efficiency: Maintains the battery within 25-35°C for high efficiency and longevity, even under extreme driving conditions.
Charging Capabilities
- High-Speed Charging: Supports a charging curve that allows high power (up to 170 kW) even up to 80% charge.
- Small Battery: 10-80% in ~28 minutes.
- Large Battery: 10-80% in ~31 minutes.
- Home Charging:
- Standard 11 kW on-board charger; full charge in ~9-11 hours.
- Optional 22 kW charger reduces charging time significantly.
- Convenience Features:
- Illuminated charging flap with status LEDs.
- Option for an additional charging port for flexibility.
Range and Route Planning
- Smart Route Planner: Factors in driving style, topography, temperature, and real-time traffic data to optimize charging stops and reduce travel time.
- Dynamic Adjustments: Adapts to changes in route or consumption patterns, prioritizing high-power charging stations.
Thermal Management System
- Comprehensive Cooling: Includes four circuits to regulate battery, electric motors, power electronics, and the interior.
- Efficient Heat Utilization: Waste heat is used for interior heating, enhancing range.
Audi Charging Service
- Extensive Network: Access to 400,000 charging points across 27 European countries.
- Plug & Charge: Automatic station activation at compatible HPC chargers for seamless use.
- Flexible Plans: Offers Basic, Plus, and Pro plans with cost benefits for frequent public charging users.
User-Focused Innovations
- Range Display: Provides precise and real-time range data, adjusting for comfort features and driving conditions.
- High-Power Chargers: Ensures quick stops for extended travel without sacrificing performance.